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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Polish legislative election, 1961 ： ウィキペディア英語版 Polish legislative election, 1961 Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 16 April 1961.〔Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1491 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7〕 They were the third elections to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and fourth in Communist Poland. They took place on 15 April. ==Background== The 1961 elections followed the liberalized rules prepared for those in 1957, but compared to the situation five years ago the Polish society was much more apathetic and disappointed with the government. The elections, as all the others under the communist regimes in Poland, were not free and the results of the 1961 elections are considered to be falsified, again a common occurrence of that time. The electoral system was very similar to that in East Germany where ostensibly multiple parties were present but their involvement was tempered by mandatory membership of a "unity list" which was ever loyal to the communist hegemony. In practice, electors only had the choice to approve or disapprove the lists rather than genuinely get to pick their preferred candidate. There were independents, however, they would only get elected only if the majority of voters in a multi-member electorate voted against the official list. Additionally, those who were allowed to register and run as independents had to go through an approval process, which invariably rejected any who were too oppositional. (This last is likewise a feature of present-day Iranian electoral manipulation). Although there was no blatant falsification like ballot stuffing or overt intimidation of voters who turned out, historiographers of Polish history invariably consider these elections to have been fraudulent - due to the above peculiarities. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polish legislative election, 1961」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.